Extradition to Kazakhstan refused on procedural grounds: fugitiveโ€™s whereabouts unknown

Extradition
๐Ÿ‡ฐ๐Ÿ‡ทSouth Koreaโ†’๐Ÿ‡ฐ๐Ÿ‡ฟKazakhstan
Denied
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Court
Seoul High Court
Decision date
29/10/2025
Decision number
2025To1
Main ground
Other
Extradition type
Extradition
Language
Korean
Keywords / Topics
Provisional arrestFlight riskExtradition documentsparticipationabsence
๐Ÿ‡ฌ๐Ÿ‡ง Summary
The Seoul High Court (20th Criminal Division) dismissed Kazakhstan's extradition request on procedural grounds, without reaching the merits. Kazakhstan had submitted its extradition request to the Korean Ministry of Justice in October 2019, but the Minister did not issue a formal instruction to the prosecutor to file the application with the court until March 2025, and the prosecutor did not file until June 2025 โ€” nearly six years after the original request.By the time the application was filed, the whereabouts of the fugitive (identified only as "A") were unknown. The court held that under the proviso to Article 13(1) of the Extradition Act, a prosecutor may not file an extradition review application where the fugitive's location is unknown. Multiple attempts to serve documents on the fugitive at his last known address failed (returned undelivered), and two rounds of location inquiries to the competent district prosecutors' office (Suwon District Prosecutors' Office, Ansan Branch) confirmed that the fugitive could not be found. The court reasoned that where a fugitive's whereabouts are unknown: service of the application is impossible; the review proceedings cannot meaningfully proceed; and even if the court granted the application, the fundamental purpose of extradition โ€” securing the person and surrendering them to the requesting state โ€” could not be achieved. The application was therefore dismissed as inadmissible. The court noted that the prosecutor may re-file once the fugitive's location is confirmed.
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Extradition to Kazakhstan refused on procedural grounds: fugitiveโ€™s whereabouts unknown, Seoul High Court, 29 October 2025, No 2025To1, in Extradition Hub, http://www.extraditionhub.com/case-law/extradition-fugitive-whereabouts-unknown-south-korea-kazakhstan-10-2025
Legislation
- ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์ธ์ธ๋„๋ฒ• (Extradition Act), Articles 13(1) (including proviso), 13(4), 14(1)
- ๋Œ€ํ•œ๋ฏผ๊ตญ-์นด์žํ์Šคํƒ„๊ณตํ™”๊ตญ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์ธ์ธ๋„์กฐ์•ฝ (Koreaโ€“Kazakhstan Extradition Treaty, in force 2012)
Full Text

์„œ์šธ๊ณ ๋“ฑ๋ฒ•์› ์ œ20ํ˜•์‚ฌ๋ถ€ ๊ฒฐ์ •

์‚ฌ๊ฑด2025ํ† 1 ์ธ๋„์‹ฌ์‚ฌ์ฒญ๊ตฌ

๋ฒ”์ฃ„์ธ A
์ฒญ๊ตฌ์ธ ์„œ์šธ๊ณ ๋“ฑ๊ฒ€์ฐฐ์ฒญ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ
์ฒญ๊ตฌ๊ตญ ์นด์žํ์Šคํƒ„๊ณตํ™”๊ตญ
๋ณ€ํ˜ธ์ธ ๋ณ€ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ ๋ฐ•์žฌ์™„(๊ตญ์„ )

์ฃผ ๋ฌธ
์ด ์‚ฌ๊ฑด ์ฒญ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฐํ•˜ํ•œ๋‹ค.

์ด ์œ 
1. ์ด ์‚ฌ๊ฑด ์ธ๋„์‹ฌ์‚ฌ์ฒญ๊ตฌ ๊ฒฝ์œ„
๊ฐ€. ๋Œ€ํ•œ๋ฏผ๊ตญ๊ณผ ์นด์žํ์Šคํƒ„๊ณตํ™”๊ตญ ๊ฐ„์˜ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์ธ์ธ๋„์กฐ์•ฝ์€ 2012. 9. 10. ๋ฐœํšจ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค.
๋‚˜. ๋Œ€ํ•œ๋ฏผ๊ตญ ๋ฒ•๋ฌด๋ถ€๋Š” 2019. 10. 7.๊ฒฝ ์ฒญ๊ตฌ๊ตญ์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์ธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ธ๋„์ฒญ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์•˜๊ณ , ๋ฒ•๋ฌด๋ถ€์žฅ๊ด€์€ 2025. 3. 5. ์„œ์šธ๊ณ ๋“ฑ๊ฒ€์ฐฐ์ฒญ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์ธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ธ๋„์‹ฌ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ฒญ๊ตฌํ•˜๋„๋ก ๋ช…ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.
๋‹ค. ์„œ์šธ๊ณ ๋“ฑ๊ฒ€์ฐฐ์ฒญ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ๋Š” 2025. 6. 26. ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์ธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ด ์‚ฌ๊ฑด ์ธ๋„์‹ฌ์‚ฌ์ฒญ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.
2. ์ด ์‚ฌ๊ฑด ์ธ๋„์‹ฌ์‚ฌ์ฒญ๊ตฌ์˜ ์ ๋ฒ• ์—ฌ๋ถ€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํŒ๋‹จ
์ง๊ถŒ์œผ๋กœ ํŒ๋‹จํ•œ๋‹ค.
๋ฒ”์ฃ„์ธ ์ธ๋„๋ฒ• ์ œ13์กฐ ์ œ1ํ•ญ์€ ‘๊ฒ€์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋ฒ•๋ฌด๋ถ€์žฅ๊ด€์˜ ์ธ๋„์‹ฌ์‚ฌ์ฒญ๊ตฌ๋ช…๋ น์ด ์žˆ์„ ๋•Œ์—๋Š” ์ง€์ฒด ์—†์ด ๋ฒ•์›์— ์ธ๋„์‹ฌ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ฒญ๊ตฌํ•˜์—ฌ์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค๋งŒ, ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์ธ์˜ ์†Œ์žฌ๋ฅผ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌํ•˜์ง€ ์•„๋‹ˆํ•˜๋‹ค.’๋ผ๊ณ  ๊ทœ์ •ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ , ์ œ4ํ•ญ์€ ‘๊ฒ€์‚ฌ๋Š” ์ธ๋„์‹ฌ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ฒญ๊ตฌํ•˜์˜€์„ ๋•Œ์—๋Š” ๊ทธ ์ฒญ๊ตฌ์„œ์˜ ๋ถ€๋ณธ์„ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์ธ์—๊ฒŒ ์†ก๋ถ€ํ•˜์—ฌ์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค.’๋ผ๊ณ  ๊ทœ์ •ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ œ14์กฐ ์ œ1ํ•ญ์€ ‘๋ฒ•์›์€ ์ธ๋„์‹ฌ์‚ฌ์˜ ์ฒญ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์•˜์„ ๋•Œ์—๋Š” ์ง€์ฒด ์—†์ด ์ธ๋„์‹ฌ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜์—ฌ์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค.’๋ผ๊ณ  ๊ทœ์ •ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.
๋ฒ”์ฃ„์ธ์ธ๋„ ์ ˆ์ฐจ๋Š” ์ž๊ตญ์— ์†Œ์žฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์ธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ฒญ๊ตฌ๊ตญ์˜ ์ˆ˜์‚ฌ, ์žฌํŒ, ํ˜•์˜ ์ง‘ํ–‰ ๋“ฑ ํ˜•์‚ฌ์ ˆ์ฐจ์˜ ์ง„ํ–‰์„ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ฒญ๊ตฌ๊ตญ์˜ ์ธ๋„์ฒญ๊ตฌ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๊ทธ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์ธ์„ ์ฒญ๊ตฌ๊ตญ์— ์ธ๋„ํ•˜๋Š” ์ ˆ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ๋งํ•œ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์ธ์˜ ์†Œ์žฌ๋ฅผ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์ธ์—๊ฒŒ ์ธ๋„์‹ฌ์‚ฌ์ฒญ๊ตฌ์„œ์˜ ๋ถ€๋ณธ์„ ์†ก๋ถ€ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๊ณ , ๋ฒ•์›์ด ์ธ๋„์‹ฌ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฐœ์‹œํ•˜๋”๋ผ๋„ ์ธ๋„์‹ฌ์‚ฌ ์ ˆ์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ์‹ค์งˆ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ง„ํ–‰๋˜๊ธฐ ์–ด๋ ค์šฐ๋ฉฐ, ์„ค๋ น ๋ฒ•์›์ด ์ธ๋„์ฒญ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์ธ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฐ์ •์„ ํ•˜๋”๋ผ๋„ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์ธ์˜ ์‹ ๋ณ‘์„ ํ™•๋ณดํ•˜์—ฌ ์ฒญ๊ตฌ๊ตญ์— ์ธ๋„ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์ธ์ธ๋„ ์ œ๋„์˜ ์ทจ์ง€๋ฅผ ๋‹ฌ์„ฑํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ์ ์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜๋ฉด, ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์ธ์˜ ์†Œ์žฌ๋ฅผ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Œ์—๋„ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์ธ๋„์‹ฌ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ฒญ๊ตฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์ธ ์ธ๋„๋ฒ• ์ œ13์กฐ ์ œ1ํ•ญ ๋‹จ์„œ์— ๋ฐ˜ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ถ€์ ๋ฒ•ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ด์„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ํƒ€๋‹นํ•˜๋‹ค.
๊ธฐ๋ก์— ์˜ํ•˜๋ฉด, ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ๋Š” ์ด ์‚ฌ๊ฑด ์ธ๋„์‹ฌ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ฒญ๊ตฌํ•  ๋‹น์‹œ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์ธ์˜ ํ˜„์žฌ์ง€๊ฐ€ ํ™•์ธ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋‚˜ ์ผ๋‹จ ์ธ๋„์‹ฌ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ฒญ๊ตฌํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•œ ์‚ฌ์‹ค, ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ๋Š” 2025. 7. 1. ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์ธ์—๊ฒŒ ์ด์‚ฌ๊ฑด ์ธ๋„์‹ฌ์‚ฌ์ฒญ๊ตฌ์„œ ๋ถ€๋ณธ์˜ ์†ก๋ถ€๋ฅผ ์‹œ๋„ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋‚˜ ๊ทธ ์ธ๋„์‹ฌ์‚ฌ์ฒญ๊ตฌ์„œ ๋ถ€๋ณธ์ด ๋ฐ˜์†ก๋œ ์‚ฌ์‹ค, ์ด ๋ฒ•์›์ด 2025. 6. 30. ๋ฐ 2025. 7. 25. ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์ธ์—๊ฒŒ ์†Œ์†ก๊ธฐ๋ก์ ‘์ˆ˜ํ†ต์ง€์„œ ๋“ฑ ์†Œ์†ก์„œ๋ฅ˜์˜ ์†ก๋‹ฌ์„ ์‹œ๋„ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋‚˜ ๋ชจ๋‘ ํ๋ฌธ๋ถ€์žฌ๋กœ ์†ก๋‹ฌ์ด ๋˜์ง€ ์•„๋‹ˆํ•œ ์‚ฌ์‹ค, ์ด ๋ฒ•์›์€ 2025. 7. 25. ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์ธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ฃผ์†Œ๋ณด์ •์„ ๋ช…ํ•˜์˜€๋Š”๋ฐ, ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ๋Š” 2025. 8. 7. ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์ธ์˜ ์ฃผ์†Œ์ง€๋Š” ์ข…์ „๊ณผ ๋™์ผํ•˜๊ณ , ๋‹ค๋งŒ ์ฃผ์†Œ์ง€ ๊ด€ํ•  ๊ฒ€์ฐฐ์ฒญ์— ์†Œ์žฌ์ˆ˜์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ด‰ํƒํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋‹ต๋ณ€ํ•œ ์‚ฌ์‹ค, ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์ธ ์ฃผ์†Œ์ง€๋ฅผ ๊ด€ํ• ํ•˜๋Š” ์ˆ˜์›์ง€๋ฐฉ๊ฒ€์ฐฐ์ฒญ ์•ˆ์‚ฐ์ง€์ฒญ์€ 2025. 8. 8. ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์ธ์˜ ์ฃผ์†Œ์ง€๊ฐ€ ๋น„์–ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ทจ์ง€๋กœ ํšŒ๋‹ตํ•œ ์‚ฌ์‹ค, ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ๋Š” 2025. 9. 9. ์ˆ˜์›์ง€๋ฐฉ๊ฒ€์ฐฐ์ฒญ ์•ˆ์‚ฐ์ง€์ฒญ์— ์žฌ์ฐจ ์†Œ์žฌ์ˆ˜์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ด‰ํƒํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋‚˜, ์ˆ˜์›์ง€๋ฐฉ๊ฒ€์ฐฐ์ฒญ ์•ˆ์‚ฐ์ง€์ฒญ์€ 2025. 9. 24. ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์ธ์˜ ์†Œ์žฌ๋ฅผ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ์ทจ์ง€๋กœ ํšŒ์‹ ํ•œ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด ์ธ์ •๋œ๋‹ค. ์œ„ ์ธ์ •์‚ฌ์‹ค์— ์˜ํ•˜๋ฉด, ์ด ์‚ฌ๊ฑด ์ธ๋„์‹ฌ์‚ฌ์ฒญ๊ตฌ ๋‹น์‹œ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์ธ์˜ ์†Œ์žฌ๋ฅผ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์— ํ•ด๋‹นํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ, ์ด ์‚ฌ๊ฑด ์ธ๋„์‹ฌ์‚ฌ์ฒญ๊ตฌ๋Š” ๋ถ€์ ๋ฒ•ํ•˜๋‹ค(๊ฒ€์‚ฌ๋Š” ํ–ฅํ›„ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์ธ์˜ ์†Œ์žฌ๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•œ ํ›„์— ์žฌ์ฐจ ์ธ๋„์‹ฌ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ฒญ๊ตฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค).
3. ๊ฒฐ๋ก 
๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ด ์‚ฌ๊ฑด ์ธ๋„์‹ฌ์‚ฌ์ฒญ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฐํ•˜ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋กœ ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ฃผ๋ฌธ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•œ๋‹ค.

2025. 10. 29.

ํŒ์‚ฌ ํ™๋™๊ธฐ(์žฌํŒ์žฅ) ์ด๋ด‰๋ฏผ ์ด์ธ์ˆ˜

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