The issuance of bounced cheques does not, in itself, constitute fraud under Italian law, as it is no longer a criminal offence, unless it forms part of a broader scheme aimed—through deceit or misrepresentation—at obtaining an undue financial advantage. Accordingly, for violation of the principle of double criminality, the order of the Court of Appeal must be quashed with remittal where it validates an arrest for extradition purposes and orders pre-trial detention in relation to a request for provisional arrest concerning the purchase of goods paid for with uncovered cheques, if such conduct is classified as fraud without establishing the existence of deceitful acts or misrepresentations.