Moldova

Moldova requested the extradition of the requested person for the enforcement of a three-year and six-month prison sentence for theft. The Court of Appeal ordered detention pending extradition, relying on the seriousness of the offence, the length of the sentence and the person’s allegedly brief presence in Italy. The Court of Cassation held that this reasoning was merely apparent because flight risk must be based on specific, concrete and current circumstances drawn from the requested person’s individual situation. The seriousness of the conviction alone was insufficient, particularly where the defence had produced evidence of stable residence, employment and family ties in Italy. As the lower court had also failed to explain why detention in prison was the only suitable measure, the Court quashed the order without remand, declared the detention measure ineffective and ordered the requested person’s immediate release.

In extradition proceedings, the Italian Supreme Court has jurisdiction under Article 718(1) of the Code of Criminal Procedure to decide an application for the revocation or replacement of a precautionary measure only when the case file is before it for the determination of whether the legal conditions for extradition are satisfied. That exceptional jurisdiction does not arise merely because an appeal concerning the coercive measure is pending before the Supreme Court. Applying this principle, the Court ordered the transmission of the case file to the Court of Appeal as the competent court to decide the application for revocation or replacement of the measure.